Monday, August 22, 2011

The First World War and Dada

The First World War, British and German Soldiers, Bernafay Woods, 1916






Max Beckmann, The Night





Max Beckmann, The Departure





Hugo Ball in costume about to recite one of his poems at the Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich




Sophie Täuber, puppets, Zurich Dada





Hans Arp, Random Collage, Zurich Dada






Raoul Hausmann, The Spirit of the Age, collage construction, Berlin Dada





Hannah Höch, The Flirt, photocollage, Berlin Dada






John Heartfield, "And Yet, It Moves," photomontage, Berlin Dada





Kurt Schwitters, Painting for Noble Ladies, painting and collage




Kurt Schwitters, Merzbau, (destroyed)





Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase




Marcel Duchamp, Fountain





Marcel Duchamp, The Large Glass (The Bride Stripped Bare By Her Bachelors, Even)





THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Max Beckmann


DADA

Zurich
--Cabaret Voltaire
--Automatic Drawing
Berlin
--photo-collage
--photo-montage
Marcel Duchamp
--readymade
--anti-art


A German Military March from World War I




The Menin Gate, Ypres, Belgium

This is a war memorial commemorating British dead from fighting in and around the city of Ypres in 1916. Every evening at sunset, buglers from the Ypres fire department play The Last Post. They've done this every day since 1916 with the exception of the years of the German occupation during World War II. If you look carefully at this clip, you will see that the walls are covered from floor to ceiling with names. These are all British soldiers from the battlefields around Ypres whose bodies were never recovered. The rest are buried nearby in an enormous military cemetery.






Dada on Film


Ghosts Before Breakfast,

A  film by Hans Richter, 1928.  In this 6 minute film, Richter appears in the movie along with two composers, Darius Milhaud, and Paul Hindemith who wrote the music for the now destroyed soundtrack.  Ordinary objects seem to come to life and have a will of their own in this plotless movie that uses stop action animation in a very original way.




Anemic Cinema



Anemic Cinema, 1926. Duchamp made a series of spirals and filmed them while turning on a phonograph turntable. He also added a series of spiraling phrases that are intended to be puns.




Here are those phrases untranslated:

"Bains de gros thé pour grains de beauté sans trop de bengué." (BenGay was invented in France by Dr. Jules Bengué)
"L'enfant qui tète est un souffleur de chair chaude et n'aime pas le chou-fleur de serre-chaude."
"Si je te donne un sou, me donneras-tu une paire de ciseaux?"
"On demande des moustiques domestiques (demi-stock) pour la cure d'azote sur la côte d'azur."
"Inceste ou passion de famille, à coups trop tirés."
"Esquivons les ecchymoses des Esquimaux aux mots exquis."
"Avez-vous déjà mis la moëlle de l'épée dans le poêle de l'aimée?"
"Parmi nos articles de quincaillerie par essence, nous recommandons le robinet qui s'arrête de couler quand on ne l'écoute pas."
"L'aspirant habite Javel et moi j'avais l'habite en spirale."



Social Realism Between the Wars

Diego Rivera, Man at the Crossroads





Diego Rivera, Panorama of Mexican History





Frida Kahlo, Two Fridas





David Siqueirios, Echo of a Scream






Jose Clemente Orozco, Modern Migration of the Spirit






Jose Clemente Orozco, Men on Fire





Jacob Lawrence, "Their Lives Were Often In Danger," from the Migration Series





Jacob Lawrence, "The Railroad Stations Were Crowded With Migrants," from the Migration Series



SOCIAL REALISM BETWEEN THE WARS

The Mexican Muralists
--The Mexican Revolution
--Diego Rivera
--Frida Kahlo
--David Siqueirios
--Jose Clemente Orozco
Social Realism in the USA
--The WPA